What complication can arise from rapid fluid removal during hemodialysis?

Rapid fluid removal during hemodialysis can lead to cardiovascular collapse or cramps due to the significant shifts in fluid balance and blood volume that occur. When too much fluid is removed too quickly, the body may not be able to maintain adequate blood pressure and volume, leading to hypotension. This hypotensive state can result in symptoms such as dizziness, palpitations, cramps, or even more severe outcomes like cardiovascular collapse.

The complexity of managing fluid levels during dialysis is crucial; patients often have compromised cardiovascular systems due to their renal failure. Thus, any drastic changes in their fluid status can have immediate and potentially dangerous effects.

While the other options might be relevant in the context of hemodialysis, they do not directly relate to the acute risks posed by rapid fluid removal. Delay in treatment, coronary artery disease, and infection at the access site are significant considerations but are more related to the overall management of dialysis rather than the immediate complication of rapid fluid extraction.