What is a common complication associated with AV grafts?

Thrombosis, or clot formation, is a common complication associated with arteriovenous (AV) grafts used for hemodialysis. An AV graft is created by surgically connecting an artery and a vein to allow easy access for dialysis treatments. Over time, patients with AV grafts may experience thrombosis due to various factors such as blood flow changes, inadequate anticoagulation, or vascular health issues.

Thrombosis can lead to the occlusion of the graft, resulting in the loss of access for dialysis, which is critical for patients requiring this life-sustaining treatment. Recognizing the signs of thrombosis, such as reduced blood flow during treatments, is crucial for timely intervention. Treatments may involve methods to address the clot, including catheter-directed thrombolysis or surgical revision.

Infection, aneurysm, and hemorrhage are also serious complications that can arise with AV grafts, but they are not as prevalent as thrombosis. Infection can occur at the site of the graft or from systemic sources, while aneurysms may develop due to long-term pressure and blood flow in the graft. Hemorrhage is a potential risk, especially in cases of graft rupture or inadequate hemostasis during placement, but again, thrombosis